maxillofacial trauma mini ipleyiti yebhulorho ethe ngqo

I-Maxillofacial trauma, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-trauma yobuso, yiyo nayiphi na intlungu eyenzeka ebusweni.I-maxillofacial trauma inokwahlulwa ibe ngumonzakalo wezicubu ezithambileyo, kubandakanywa ukutshisa, ukugruzuka kunye nokuqhekeka, okanye ukwaphuka kwamathambo obuso njengokulimala kwamehlo, ukwaphuka kweempumlo kunye nokwaphuka kwemihlathi.iifractures zingakhokelela kwiintlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukulahleka komsebenzi, utshintsho lwemilo yezakhiwo zobuso.

Ukulimala kwe-maxillofacial kunokubangela ukonakala kunye nokulahleka komsebenzi wobuso;njengobumfama okanye ubunzima bokuhambisa umhlathi.Kukho amathuba aphantsi okubeka ubomi esichengeni, kodwa i-maxillofacial trauma ingaba yingozi, kuba inokubangela ukopha okukhulu okanye ukuphazamisa indlela yomoya;ngaloo ndlela eyona nkxalabo iphambili kunyango kukuqinisekisa ukuba umzila womoya uvulekile kwaye awusongelwa ukuze umguli akwazi ukuphefumla.Xa kukrokrelwa ukuphuka kwamathambo, sebenzisa i-radiography ukuxilongwa.Kuyimfuneko ukwenza unyango lolunye umonzakalo olufana nokwenzakala kwengqondo, okuhlala kukhapha ukwenzakala okukhulu kobuso.

Njengezinye iifractures, i-maxillofacial bone fractures ikhona ngeentlungu, ukugruzuka, kunye nokudumba kwezicubu ezijikelezileyo.Iimpumlo ezinzulu zinokuthi zenzeke kwiMigobho yempumlo, i-maxilla fracture, kunye nesiseko sokakayi.Abantu abanokwaphuka kwe-mandibular bahlala benentlungu kunye nobunzima bokuvulwa kwemilomo kwaye banokuba ndindisholo emilebeni nasesilevini.Kwimeko yeLe Fort fractures, i-midface inokuhamba ngokumalunga nobuso bonke okanye ukhakhayi.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-maxilla fracture

1. Umgca wokuqhekeka ithambo le-maxillary lidibene nethambo lempumlo, ithambo le-zygomatic kunye namanye amathambo e-craniofacial.Umgca wokuqhekeka ulungele ukwenzeka kwi-sutures kunye neendonga ezibuthathaka zamathambo.I-Fort ihlela ukuphuka kwiintlobo ezintathu ngokobude kunye nokuphakama komgca wokuphuka.

Uhlobo lwe-I fracture: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-maxillary fracture ephantsi okanye i-fracture ethe tyaba.

Uhlobo lwesibini lokuphuka lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-median maxillary fracture okanye i-conical fracture.Umgca wokuphuka ukusuka kwi-nasofrontal suture wawela ibhulorho yempumlo, udonga lwe-orbital yempumlo, umgangatho we-orbital kunye ne-orbital maxillary suture ecaleni, kwaye emva koko ulandele udonga olusecaleni lwe-maxilla ukuya Inkqubo ye-pterygeal.Ngamanye amaxesha inokutshayela i-ethmoid sinus ukuya kwi-fossa yangaphambili, i-cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

Uhlobo lwe-III yokwaphuka ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-maxillary high level fracture okanye i-craniofacial separation fracture.Umgca wokuqhekeka ukusuka kwimpumlo yangaphambili ye-suture ukuya kumacala omabini ngaphaya kwebhulorho yempumlo, i-orbit, ngokusebenzisa i-zygomaticofrontal suture emva kwenkqubo ye-pterygeal, ukubunjwa kwe-craniofacial separation, kudla ngokukhokelela embindini wobude bobuso kunye nokudakumba, olu hlobo lokwaphuka lukhatshwa kukuqhekeka kwesiseko sokakayi okanye ukwenzakala kwe-craniocerebral, indlebe, ukopha ngeempumlo okanye ukuvuza kwe-cerebrospinal fluid.

2. Ukufuduswa kwecandelo lokuqhekeka ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukufuduka ngasemva nangaphantsi.

3. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Occlusal.

4. Utshintsho lwe-Orbital kunye ne-periorbital ye-orbital kunye ne-periorbital zihlala zihamba kunye nokopha kwezicubu, i-edema, ukwakheka kwe "impawu zeglasi" eyodwa, ehlala ibonakala njenge-ecchymosis ye-periorbital, i-ecchymosis ye-periorbital, i-ecchymosis ephezulu kunye nezantsi kunye nokopha kwe-conjunctival, okanye ukuchithwa kwamehlo kunye ne-diplopia.

5. Ukulimala kwengqondo.

Iindlela zonyango zokulimala kwe-maxillofacial ziquka:

1. Ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambileyo ze-Maxillofacial: umgaqo wonyango ukutshatyalaliswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye izicubu ezigxothiweyo zibuyiselwa kwaye zifakwe i-sutured.Ngexesha lokuchithwa, izicubu kufuneka zigcinwe ngokusemandleni ukunciphisa isiphene kunye nefuthe kwisimo sobuso besigulane emva kokulimala.

I-2, i-jaw fracture: i-fracture isiphelo sokunciphisa, usebenzisa indlela yokulungiswa kwangaphakathi ukulungisa indawo echaphazelekayo, ukubuyisela ukuqhubeka komhlathi, zama ukubuyisela ubudlelwane obuqhelekileyo be-occlusal yangaphambili.